NOTE:- ENGLISH AND HINDI LANGUAGE:-
प्रश्न---- बाबर के चरित्र एवं
व्यक्तित्व का वर्णन कीजिए।
Dr Om Prakash Singh
उत्तर---- बाबर
महान प्रतिभशाली व्यक्ति था। तैमूर वंश का कोई भी व्यक्ति इतना गुण सम्पन्न और
प्रतिभाशाली नही था, जितना बाबर था। उसके चरित्र में आकर्षण तथा
प्रभावित करने की शक्ति थी। उसने जीवन पर्यन्त संघर्ष किया और कई बार वह मृत्यु से
बाल-बाल बचा था। लेकिन संकटो एवं निराशाओं में भी वह प्रसन्नचित रहा और उसने कभी
भी आशा और मानवीय गुणों को नही त्यागा। वह प्रकृति से उदार, सहिष्णु, दया
और परोपकार करने वाला था। व्यक्तिगत संबंधों में भी वह सद्गुणों से सम्पन्न था। वह
अच्छा पुत्र, पिता, मित्र
और पति था। इस बहुआयामी व्यक्तित्व के कारण उसका चरित्र
आकृष्ट
करता है। विसेन्ट स्मिथ के अनुसार "बाबर अपने युग के एशिया के राजाओं
में सर्वाधिक प्रतिभाशाली था और किसी भी देश अथवा युग के राजाओं के मध्य उसे उच्च
स्थान दिया जा सकता है।" इतिहासकार लेनपूल ने लिखा है कि "वह
किसी भी प्रकार के संकट से घबड़ाता नही था, संकट
जितना भी भीषण और खतरनाक होता था उतना ही वह उसे पसन्द करता था।" बाबर के चरित्र
एवं व्यक्तित्व का अवलोकन हम निम्नलिखित विशेषताओं के आधार पर कर सकते है जो
उसके व्यक्तित्व में मौजूद थी--
IN ENGLISH:-
Question--- Describe the character and personality of Babur.
Answer---- Babur was a great genius. No person of the Timur dynasty was as virtuous and talented as Babur. His character had the power to charm and impress. He struggled throughout his life and many times he narrowly escaped death. But he remained happy even in troubles and disappointments and he never gave up hope and human qualities. He was generous, tolerant, kind and benevolent in nature. He was also endowed with virtues in personal relationships. He was a good son, father, friend and husband. Due to this multifaceted personality, his character attracts. According to Vicente Smith, "Babur was the most brilliant of the kings of Asia of his era and he can be given a high position among the kings of any country or era." Historian Lenpool has written that "he was not afraid of any kind of crisis, the more severe and dangerous the crisis was, and the more he liked it." We can observe the character and personality of Babur on the basis of the following characteristics which were present in his personality-
As a person---- Babar's personal life was ideal. He always obeyed his father's orders and always treated his sons with good manners. He had ideal behavior towards his wives. He was also friendly towards his relatives and relatives. He was definitely fond of alcohol, but never became its slave. He had immense patience, courage, and endurance. His body was strong. He had deep faith in God. After the conquest of Panipat, he went to visit the shrine of Muslim saints. Before the battle of Khanwa he gave up alcohol, it was a symbol of his repentance.
As
a scholar ---- Babur was a very learned person.
He had a special fondness for literature and fine arts. He was a connoisseur of
the characteristics of natural beauty and used to see the multicolored forms of
man and life with a very subtle vision. He was well versed in Turkish and
Persian languages. He was a capable writer. He wrote his autobiography in
Turkish language under the name "Tuzuk-e-Babri" (Baburnama).
He was the originator of a poetry style called "Mubaiyan". His
"Diwan" in Turkish language is the best example of poetic art. He is
said to have invented the script called "Khat-e-Babri".
As
a Muslim-----
Babur was a staunch Sunni Muslim, but he had no religious fanaticism. He did
not treat other religious people harshly. He had such an unwavering devotion to
God that he has been called the "Son of God". He used to say 'Nothing
can happen without the will of God, we should move forward only by staying in
his shelter'. In India he did not follow the policy of religious tolerance. He
gave the slogan of "Jihad" (religious war) against Rana Sanga and
Medini Rai. He got a mosque built in Ayodhya, the religious place of Hindus.
The octroi continued to be collected from Hindu traders as before. Despite all
this, it has to be accepted that his policy was more liberal towards the people
of India than the Muslims of Delhi Sultanate.
As Commander----- Political circumstances made Babur a capable general. He
was an admirable horseman, an excellent marksman, a skilled swordsman and a
hunter of a high order. He was popular among his military officers and
soldiers, because he was always involved in their sorrows and difficulties, but
at the time of war he used to treat soldiers harshly on indiscipline. It was
the superiority of his military organization that defeated huge armies.
As a ruler ------
Babar did not get as much fame as a soldier and conqueror as a successful
ruler. He lacked creative intelligence. He did not make any changes in the old
institutions nor did he adopt the new system of governance. Babur himself has
admitted that he did not get enough time to establish the administrative system
of the empire. He laid special emphasis on peacekeeping, as he had no knowledge
of local administration. Making hasty changes or improvements could be
dangerous. Still it has to be accepted that he did not have administrative
talent like Akbar or Sher Shah. He protected the life and property of the
people by suppressing the robbers, secured the roads and possibly made the
communication system efficient by establishing checkpoints. But he did nothing
in the fields of agriculture, justice, education, etc., he failed to establish
the economy. But he was a successful diplomat and had also succeeded in
satisfying the Afghans, Amirs and Rajputs through diplomacy.
Place in History----- Babur is considered to be the founder of the Mughal
Empire in India. But he had laid the first stone of the foundation of the
Mughal dynasty in India. Just as Babur does not have a prominent place as an
emperor in the history of his homeland Trans-Axiana, similarly he would have no
place in Indian history if after the expulsion of his son Humayun, the entire
empire came out of the hands of the Mughals. Would have gone, but consider his
luck that his grandson like Akbar was born and he laid such a deep foundation
of the Mughal Empire which was established for more than 300 years.
That is why Akbar is considered to be the real founder of the Mughal Empire in
India. In the words of Dr. Ashirwadi Lal Srivastava, "Babur's place
in Indian history is only as a conqueror and the person who laid the foundation
stone of the empire."
TAGS:- बाबर के चरित्र एवं व्यक्तित्व, Medievalhistory.
