NOTE:--- ENGLISH AND HINDI LANGUAGE:-
प्रश्न:--- मौर्य कालीन मूर्ति कला की विशेषताओं का वर्णन कीजिये।
.jpg "features-of-sculpture-in-the-Mauryan period")
IN ENGLISH:÷
Answer: --- Mauryan rulers made significant contribution in
the progress of sculpture. On the basis of excavation, it can be said that for
the first time after about 1500 years after the Harappan culture, architecture
and sculpture were encouraged on a large scale in the Maurya period. There is
ample availability of literary and archaeological sources for the study of
Mauryan sculpture architecture and sculpture were encouraged on a large
scale in the Maurya period. There is ample availability of literary and archaeological
sources for the study of Mauryan sculpture. Apastambha, Grihasutra and
Kautilya's Arthashastra are important among literary sources. And the large
number of Mauryan sculptures found in archaeological sources proves that there
have been idols in the Mauryan period, here the interesting thing is that
during the Mauryan period, superbly polished sculptures have been found. But
there is no clear idol making style, yet the Maurya period idols are
distinctive.
On the basis of the idols we get from Maurya period, the following
features are visible in Mauryan sculpture, which are as follows:
(1) In the pillars of Ashoka, the relations of the then India
with foreign countries are revealed.
(2) Glossy polish, live expression of sculptures, stone pillars
made of monolithic stone and their artistic peaks, the art of polishing on
stones, had reached such a level during this period that even today one of
Ashoka's lots of polished glass shines like
(3). In the Maurya period, the idols were made by sticking method
or by casting them in the mould.
(4) The subjects of the Maurya period idols are animals, birds,
toys and humans, that is, these idols were built for non-religious purposes, no
religion has been given primacy in them.
(5) In the Maurya period, idols of stone and clay have been
found, but no metal idol has
been found.
(6) In the Mauryan period, the sandstone of Chunar and the idol
of Yaksha obtained from Parakham (Uttar Pradesh) have been used in the construction
of stone-statue-spotted red stone.
(7) The stone idols were mostly made by the rulers, yet no deity
has been cast in the stone idol.
(8) The sculptures of Emperor Ashoka's time are considered to be
the best in terms of art, beauty and shiny polish.
(9) Idols of Mauryan period have been received from many places
like- Pataliputra, Vaishali, Mathura, Kaushambi, Taxila, Sarnath, Ahichchhatra
etc.
(10) Statue of 7 feet high Yaksha found from Parkham of Mathura,
Statue of Digambara (Lohanipur, Patna), Elephant from Dhauli (Orissa), and
Statue of Yakshini from Didarganj (Patna), as examples of Mauryan art are seen.
(11) Some scholars believe that there is an influence of the art
of Iran and Greece on Mauryan sculpture.
(12) The figures of four lions on the top of the Sarnath pillar
and the Vallari figures below it are the finest specimens of Ashoka period
sculpture, which is today in the form of our national symbol.
(13) The carved rock cut caves on the Barabar hill are a good
example of Mauryan sculpture.
Conclusion: - It is clear from the remains found in the above
description that the Mauryan sculpture was in progress. Peace in a nation and a
happy and prosperous life of the people have been considered suitable for the
development of art and literature. Rock cut (cutting stones) is a tradition of
sculpture, it was prominent from the end of the second century BC to the second
century. Its roots are in the Mauryan period, in the later stage these
sculptures became the distinctive features of Indian architecture. The distinctive
features have also become such that today we have adopted the Ashoka Pillar as
the national emblem, which is related to the Mauryan period. Therefore we can
say that the beauty of sculpture is the gift of Maurya period itself.
Tags: -- Features of sculpture in the Mauryan period, Ancienthistory.